Monocrystalline Wafer Efficiency: 13.8 per cent (laser cut), each with 10% transparency. Form: square. Size: 15cm x 15cm Thickness: 0.3mm. Colour: depends upon type

Front contact losses

A fine metal grid is used on the side  facing the sun to keep the shaded area as  small  as  possible. The front contacts are  generally applied using a screen printing process.  In this process a silver paste is applied through a screen onto the silicon wafer.  Special  technologies have been developed  for  high-performance solar cells to improve the contact  properties  and  minimize  reflection on the  cell  surface.  Temperature of about 800-900°C is used (for melting 1410°C).
The  contact  line  is  cut with  a  laser. The  width  of the  contact  lines  at  0.02mm.

LOSES COLLECTING THE RADIATION

Losses  occur  at  the  solar cell  due  to  recombination, reflection  and  shading  caused  by  the  front  contacts.  The total efficiency of that particular cell is 14% ( do the math and get all the numbers together). Since we have energy from the sun and we need to “absorb” this energy we are trying to make the cell more efficient.
Unfortunately, we experience a lot of losses collecting the energy.
You can see what kind of challenges we have ahead from the table below- we need to reduce these losses!!! Hopefully R&D (research and development) progress will be fast enough so we can afford more of this amazing technology.